ABSTRACT
Introduction : This is a research innovation that aims to provide an additional therapeutic tool. It will open up a vast panorama of regenerative medicine by application of Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ADMSCs). ADMSCs are selected since a large amount is available for lipoaspiration and a larger percentage (30%) of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) obtainable there from. The applications in clinical practice extend across Mesoderm, Endoderm and Ectoderm layers1. Material and Methods : There are three products that can be derived from the lipoaspirate. They are (1) Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF), (2) Islet Cell Aggregates (ICAs) Translated from ADMSCs, (3) and ADMSCs with ~95% purity. They are deployed to illustrate the safety and efficacy in clinical trials for (1) Mesoderm Translation as in Osteoarthritis Knee, (2) Endoderm translation to Insulin-producing Cells as applicable to diabetes, and (3) Ectodermal Translation as applicable on Non-healing Indolent Ulcers on the Skin. Results : All three products are found safe with no adverse side effects. Proof of concept studies along with initial clinical trials for Osteoarthritis, Diabetes Types I and II, and Non-healing ulcer of any aetiology is demonstrated with objective evidence. Discussion : The evidence based on the results of the clinical trials across all three Germinal Layers is cited along with literature support. Results are explained based on a plausible scientific hypothesis. Conclusion : The study enunciates that Autologous SVF and ADMSCs are in futuristic domain for conducting clinical trials across all the three Germinal Layers.
ABSTRACT
Regenerative medicine is an evolving interdisciplinary topic of research involving numerous technological methods that utilize stem cells to repair damaged tissues. Particularly, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a great tool in regenerative medicine because of their lack of tumorogenicity, immunogenicity and ability to perform immunomodulatory as well as anti-inflammatory functions. Numerous studies have investigated the role of MSCs in tissue repair and modulation of allogeneic immune responses. MSCs derived from different sources hold unique regenerative potential as they are selfrenewing and can differentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes, endothelial and neuronal cells, among which neuronal-like cells have gained special interest. MSCs also have the ability to secrete multiple bioactive molecules capable of stimulating recovery of injured cells and inhibiting inflammation. In this review we focus on neural differentiation potential ofMSCs isolated from different sources and how certain growth factors/small molecules can be used to derive neuronal phenotypes from MSCs. We also discuss the efficacy of MSCs when transplanted in vivo and how they can generate certain neurons and lead to relief or recovery of the diseased condition. Furthermore, we have tried to evaluate the appropriatemerits of different sources ofMSCs with respect to their propensity towards neurological differentiation as well as their effectiveness in preclinical studies.
ABSTRACT
Ayurveda, the traditional Indian system of medicine has given great emphasis to the promotion of health. Ayurveda therapies are based on restoration of body balance and nourishment of dhatus or tissues. Rasayana concept of Ayurveda explains tissue regeneration and cell renewal. The drugs and therapies explained as rasayana provide research opportunities for biology of regeneration. Specific rasayana stimulate and nourish respective dhatus. Interpretation of this description offers clues for specific differentiation of stem cells with appropriate extract. The preliminary experiments on Medhya drugs suggest neuronal stem cells differentiation. Authors highlight the potential of Ayurveda and its possible contributions in regenerative medicine. Authors propose a protocol based on integrative approach derived from Ayurveda concepts and current understanding of regenerative medicine. The advanced understanding about adult and embryonic stem cells along with concepts of regeneration in Ayurveda has immense potential in the development of regenerative medicine.